Endocrine Abstracts

In recent years, great attention has been given to the pleiotropic effect of vitamin D, a vitamin well known from its role in bone and calcium homeostasis. Also in the immune system, modulating effects by vitamin D have been described. Receptors for vitamin D are present in cells throughout the immune system and a central role for the antigen presenting dendritic cell and the macrophage in the effect of vitamin D in the immune system is described. The latter cells not only car...

Vitamin D has become an important player beyond bone and calcium metabolism. Receptors for 1,25(OH)2D3 or calcitriol as well as the machinery to produce 1,25(OH)2D3 locally are present all over the immune system. Regulation of the enzyme responsible for the final activation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (CYP27B1) is however completely different in immune cells than in kidney cells. Particular immunomodulating effects of 1,25(OH)2<...

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] exerts its effects via the vitamin D receptor (VDR) that belongs to the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily leading to gene regulation mediating various biological responses. Within the last two decades, the receptor has been shown to be present not only in classical target tissues such as bone, kidney and intestine but also in many other non-classical tissues, e.g., in the immune system, in the reproductive system, in the...

Background and aims: The prevalence of gestational diabetes (GDM) increases worldwide with rates between 9 and 35%. The management of GDM is a labor-intensive discipline, in which the global increase in GDM prevalence poses challenges to maintain high-quality care. A valuable solution could be the organization of group education. The ELENA study therefore aimed to evaluate women’s satisfaction about (group) education and treatment, their knowledge about GDM and whether th...

Background: Little is known about the influence of the Predictive Low Glucose suspend (PLGS) function of Sensor Augmented Pump therapy on ketone production in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), compared to the Low Glucose Suspend function. To evaluate the effect, we compared the frequency of elevated ketone levels, the duration of insulin infusion suspension, the glycaemic control and patient satisfaction between the two settings.Methodology:...

Objective: Nation-wide reimbursement of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) for people with type 1 diabetes was introduced in Belgium in 2016. We investigated whether diabetes knowledge and health literacy would impact glycemic control after one year of isCGM use.Research design and methods: In this substudy of the FUTURE trial, a prospective observational real-world cohort study in individuals with type 1 diabetes ≥16 year...

Background and aims: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease, characterized by T-cell mediated destruction of the pancreatic insulin-producing beta-cells. Neutrophils, cells of the innate immune system, have been shown to infiltrate the pancreas and undergo neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (NETosis). However, little is known about the involvement of neutrophils and specifically the role of NETosis in the pathophysiology of the disease. Our aim was to...

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder in which a dysfunctional cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) chloride channel can result in multimorbidity, including severe respiratory disease and reduced pancreatic exocrine secretion and diabetes. Recently, CFTR modulator therapy, has emerged with the potential of improving respiratory function and remission of diabetes. The effect of CFTR modulator therapy on pancreatic function in patients without preexist...

Background and aims: Combining systemic immunomodulation with disease-relevant antigens could provide longer-term solutions for preventing and even reversing autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). Our team established that a combination therapy (CT), composed of a short-course low-dose anti-CD3 treatment with oral delivery of genetically-modified Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) bacteria secreting full proinsulin plus the anti- inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (LL-PINS+I...

Background and Aims: To evaluate whether switching from traditional mealtime insulin analogs to fast-acting insulin aspart (Fiasp) in routine clinical practice is efficacious and safe in adult people with type 1 diabetes (PWD1) using intermittent or real-time continuous glucose monitoring (iCGM or rtCGM).Methods: Data from 438 adult PWD1 (60% men, age 44.6&pm;16.1 years, duration of diabetes 21.5&pm;14.0 years, iCGM/rtCGM: 391/47, injections/pump: 409/29...